How many letters suffice to construct words with no repetition? The 2019 Stack Overflow Developer Survey Results Are InFormula for sub and super sequence length given 2 stringsThe number of sequences with k elements, containing a given elementMaximal Hamming distance$4$-element subsets of the set $1,2,3,ldots,10$ that do not contain any pair of consecutive numbersAn example showing that van der Waerden's theorem is not true for infinite arithmetic progressionsCounting the number of words made of $2n$ lettersThe number of procedures needed to make an arbitrary permutation to the identityIs there a string of all words without repetition?Recurrence for Number of Words of Length $r$ over $[n]$ with no three consecutive letters the sameCombinatorics - Sequences with repetition and restrictions

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How many letters suffice to construct words with no repetition?



The 2019 Stack Overflow Developer Survey Results Are InFormula for sub and super sequence length given 2 stringsThe number of sequences with k elements, containing a given elementMaximal Hamming distance$4$-element subsets of the set $1,2,3,ldots,10$ that do not contain any pair of consecutive numbersAn example showing that van der Waerden's theorem is not true for infinite arithmetic progressionsCounting the number of words made of $2n$ lettersThe number of procedures needed to make an arbitrary permutation to the identityIs there a string of all words without repetition?Recurrence for Number of Words of Length $r$ over $[n]$ with no three consecutive letters the sameCombinatorics - Sequences with repetition and restrictions










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Given a finite set $A=a_1,ldots , a_k$, consider the sequences of any length that can be constructed using the elements of $A$ and which contain no repetition, a repetition being a pair of consecutive subsequences (of any length) that are equal. Is it true that $k = 4$ is the minimum number of elements in $A$ that allows the construction of sequences of any length containing no repetition? Can anyone indicate a reference for this result, if true?










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migrated from mathoverflow.net 19 hours ago


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    9












    $begingroup$


    Given a finite set $A=a_1,ldots , a_k$, consider the sequences of any length that can be constructed using the elements of $A$ and which contain no repetition, a repetition being a pair of consecutive subsequences (of any length) that are equal. Is it true that $k = 4$ is the minimum number of elements in $A$ that allows the construction of sequences of any length containing no repetition? Can anyone indicate a reference for this result, if true?










    share|cite|improve this question











    $endgroup$



    migrated from mathoverflow.net 19 hours ago


    This question came from our site for professional mathematicians.




















      9












      9








      9





      $begingroup$


      Given a finite set $A=a_1,ldots , a_k$, consider the sequences of any length that can be constructed using the elements of $A$ and which contain no repetition, a repetition being a pair of consecutive subsequences (of any length) that are equal. Is it true that $k = 4$ is the minimum number of elements in $A$ that allows the construction of sequences of any length containing no repetition? Can anyone indicate a reference for this result, if true?










      share|cite|improve this question











      $endgroup$




      Given a finite set $A=a_1,ldots , a_k$, consider the sequences of any length that can be constructed using the elements of $A$ and which contain no repetition, a repetition being a pair of consecutive subsequences (of any length) that are equal. Is it true that $k = 4$ is the minimum number of elements in $A$ that allows the construction of sequences of any length containing no repetition? Can anyone indicate a reference for this result, if true?







      combinatorics combinatorics-on-words






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      edited 18 hours ago









      Andrés E. Caicedo

      65.9k8160252




      65.9k8160252










      asked yesterday







      PiCo











      migrated from mathoverflow.net 19 hours ago


      This question came from our site for professional mathematicians.









      migrated from mathoverflow.net 19 hours ago


      This question came from our site for professional mathematicians.






















          1 Answer
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          $begingroup$

          Wikipedia has some examples of square-free sequences of infinite length (and therefore square-free words of arbitrary length) over alphabets with 3 letters.
          https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square-free_word




          One example of an infinite square-free word over an alphabet of size 3 is the word over the alphabet 0,±1 obtained by taking the first difference of the Thue–Morse sequence.[6][7] That is, from the Thue–Morse sequence



          0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, ...



          one forms a new sequence in which each term is the difference of two consecutive terms of the Thue–Morse sequence. The resulting square-free word is



          1, 0, −1, 1, −1, 0, 1, 0, −1, 0, 1, −1, 1, 0, −1, ... (sequence A029883 in the OEIS).







          share|cite|improve this answer









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            16












            $begingroup$

            Wikipedia has some examples of square-free sequences of infinite length (and therefore square-free words of arbitrary length) over alphabets with 3 letters.
            https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square-free_word




            One example of an infinite square-free word over an alphabet of size 3 is the word over the alphabet 0,±1 obtained by taking the first difference of the Thue–Morse sequence.[6][7] That is, from the Thue–Morse sequence



            0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, ...



            one forms a new sequence in which each term is the difference of two consecutive terms of the Thue–Morse sequence. The resulting square-free word is



            1, 0, −1, 1, −1, 0, 1, 0, −1, 0, 1, −1, 1, 0, −1, ... (sequence A029883 in the OEIS).







            share|cite|improve this answer









            $endgroup$

















              16












              $begingroup$

              Wikipedia has some examples of square-free sequences of infinite length (and therefore square-free words of arbitrary length) over alphabets with 3 letters.
              https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square-free_word




              One example of an infinite square-free word over an alphabet of size 3 is the word over the alphabet 0,±1 obtained by taking the first difference of the Thue–Morse sequence.[6][7] That is, from the Thue–Morse sequence



              0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, ...



              one forms a new sequence in which each term is the difference of two consecutive terms of the Thue–Morse sequence. The resulting square-free word is



              1, 0, −1, 1, −1, 0, 1, 0, −1, 0, 1, −1, 1, 0, −1, ... (sequence A029883 in the OEIS).







              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$















                16












                16








                16





                $begingroup$

                Wikipedia has some examples of square-free sequences of infinite length (and therefore square-free words of arbitrary length) over alphabets with 3 letters.
                https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square-free_word




                One example of an infinite square-free word over an alphabet of size 3 is the word over the alphabet 0,±1 obtained by taking the first difference of the Thue–Morse sequence.[6][7] That is, from the Thue–Morse sequence



                0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, ...



                one forms a new sequence in which each term is the difference of two consecutive terms of the Thue–Morse sequence. The resulting square-free word is



                1, 0, −1, 1, −1, 0, 1, 0, −1, 0, 1, −1, 1, 0, −1, ... (sequence A029883 in the OEIS).







                share|cite|improve this answer









                $endgroup$



                Wikipedia has some examples of square-free sequences of infinite length (and therefore square-free words of arbitrary length) over alphabets with 3 letters.
                https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square-free_word




                One example of an infinite square-free word over an alphabet of size 3 is the word over the alphabet 0,±1 obtained by taking the first difference of the Thue–Morse sequence.[6][7] That is, from the Thue–Morse sequence



                0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, ...



                one forms a new sequence in which each term is the difference of two consecutive terms of the Thue–Morse sequence. The resulting square-free word is



                1, 0, −1, 1, −1, 0, 1, 0, −1, 0, 1, −1, 1, 0, −1, ... (sequence A029883 in the OEIS).








                share|cite|improve this answer












                share|cite|improve this answer



                share|cite|improve this answer










                answered yesterday









                user44191user44191

                26114




                26114



























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